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The second law of thermodynamics: Spontaneity of processes, Delta S of the universe and Delta G of the system as criteria for spontaneity Revision for JEE

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1.Core idea: The second law of thermodynamics: Spontaneity of processes, Delta S of the universe and Delta G of the system as criteria for spontaneity
2.Relates to other subtopics in Chemical Thermodynamics
3.First law, enthalpy, Hess's law
4.Entropy and Gibbs energy
5.Master The second law of thermodynamics: Spontaneity of processes, Delta S of the universe and Delta G of the system as criteria for spontaneity definitions and standard results
6.Solve 20 timed MCQs for The second law of thermodynamics: Spontaneity of processes, Delta S of the universe and Delta G of the system as criteria for spontaneity

Syllabus context

Part of Chemical Thermodynamics in JEE Main Chemistry.

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Q1ChemistryUnit 4: Chemical Thermodynamics

Assertion The gas is heated, if its temperature is less than its inversion temperature in Joule-Thomson effect. Reason Heating effect in gas is noticed during Joule-Thomson effect when

\boldsymbol{T}>\boldsymbol{T}_{i}

Q2ChemistryUnit 4: Chemical Thermodynamics

Which of the following does not result in an increase in entropy?

Q3ChemistryUnit 4: Chemical Thermodynamics

All reactions involving chemical decomposition:

Q4ChemistryUnit 4: Chemical Thermodynamics

For a given reaction,

\boldsymbol{H}_{2} \boldsymbol{O}(l) \rightleftharpoons

H_{2} O(s) a t 0^{\circ} C

and 1 bar, which of the following is true?

Q5ChemistryUnit 4: Chemical Thermodynamics

Assertion Adsorption is exothermic and spontaneous inspite of the fact that adsorption is accompained with decrease in entropy. Reason The factor

T \Delta S

is lesser than

\Delta H

Q6ChemistryUnit 4: Chemical Thermodynamics

Fill in the blanks by putting appropriate choices.During adsorption there is

_{-}-

-in enthalpy and in the entropy of a system but adsorption is a spontaneous process and thus AG must be

\quad

Rate of physisorption with increase in pressure.

Q7ChemistryUnit 4: Chemical Thermodynamics

For the reaction,

\boldsymbol{X}_{2} \boldsymbol{O}_{4}(l) \longrightarrow

\mathbf{2} \boldsymbol{X} \boldsymbol{O}_{2}(\boldsymbol{g})

\Delta U=2.1 k c a l, \Delta S=20 \operatorname{cal} K^{-1} \mathrm{at}

300 \mathrm{K}

Hence

, \Delta G

Q8ChemistryUnit 4: Chemical Thermodynamics

For the reaction at

25^{\circ} C, X_{2} O_{4(l)} \longrightarrow

\mathbf{2} \boldsymbol{X} \boldsymbol{O}_{\mathbf{2}(\boldsymbol{g})}

\Delta H=2.1 k c a l

and

\Delta S=20 c a l \quad K^{-1}

The reaction would be:

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How should I revise The second law of thermodynamics: Spontaneity of processes, Delta S of the universe and Delta G of the system as criteria for spontaneity before JEE?

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